01 - Preheat the oven to 325°F.
02 - Season the short ribs generously with kosher salt and freshly ground black pepper on all sides.
03 - Heat olive oil in a large Dutch oven over medium-high heat. Sear short ribs on all sides until deeply browned, about 3-4 minutes per side. Transfer to a plate and set aside.
04 - Add onion, carrots, and celery to the same pot. Sauté until softened and lightly browned, about 5 minutes.
05 - Stir in minced garlic and tomato paste; cook for 1 minute until fragrant and paste darkens slightly.
06 - Pour in red wine, scraping up any browned bits from the bottom of the pot. Simmer for 3 minutes until slightly reduced.
07 - Add beef broth, crushed tomatoes, thyme sprigs, rosemary sprigs, and bay leaves. Return short ribs to the pot, ensuring they are mostly submerged in the liquid.
08 - Cover the pot with a tight-fitting lid and transfer to the oven. Braise for 2½ to 3 hours until meat is fork-tender and easily pulls away from the bone.
09 - When ribs are nearly done, prepare the polenta: Bring water and salt to a boil in a saucepan. Gradually whisk in cornmeal in a steady stream to prevent lumps.
10 - Reduce heat to low and cook polenta, stirring frequently to prevent sticking, for 20-25 minutes until thickened and creamy.
11 - Stir in whole milk, butter, and grated Parmesan cheese. Cook for 2-3 minutes more until smooth, creamy, and well combined.
12 - Remove short ribs from the oven. Discard herb sprigs and bay leaves. Skim excess fat from the surface of the sauce.
13 - Serve creamy polenta in shallow bowls, topped with braised short ribs and ladle the sauce generously over the meat.