01 - Preheat the oven to 375°F. Lightly grease a 9x13-inch baking dish and set aside.
02 - Bring a large pot of salted water to a boil. Add pasta and cook until just al dente, about 1-2 minutes less than package instructions. Drain thoroughly and set aside.
03 - Steam or blanch broccoli florets for 2-3 minutes until bright green and slightly tender. Drain and set aside.
04 - Melt butter in a large saucepan over medium heat. Add minced garlic and sauté for 1 minute until fragrant. Pour in the heavy cream, bring to a gentle simmer, and whisk in 1 cup grated Parmesan cheese. Cook until the sauce thickens and is smooth. Season with salt, black pepper, and optional nutmeg.
05 - In a large mixing bowl, toss together the cooked pasta, diced chicken breast, blanched broccoli, and prepared Alfredo sauce until everything is evenly coated.
06 - Spread the mixture evenly into the prepared baking dish. Sprinkle mozzarella cheese and 1/4 cup additional grated Parmesan cheese over the top in an even layer.
07 - Bake uncovered for 20-25 minutes or until the cheese topping is golden and the sauce is bubbling.
08 - Remove from the oven. Allow the casserole to rest for 5 minutes before serving. Garnish with chopped fresh parsley if desired.